A. The passive voice is usually used:

1. When we are interested only in what happens rather than who does it.
   Example: A giant snake was killed in that village.
2. When we do not know the doer of the action or when we do not want to say who it is.
   Example: The school was established in 1926.
3. In scientific and technical writing
   Example: The gases which cause greenhouse effect are known as greenhouse gases.
4. In historical and geographical texts
   Example: Our liberation war was fought in 1971.
5. With modals to express an instruction or rule
   Example: Mobile phones should be switched off.

6. To describe a process, an event, an incident, an advertisement, an announcement and a notice

   Examples:

   a) process of making a sandwich: The butter should be soft. Crusts may be removed or left on according to taste.
   b) event: Our annual sports will be held on 2 November.
   c) incident: The annual cultural program of the school will be held on 20 May.
   d) advertisement: Your comfort is ensured in your journey with us.
   e) announcement: Prizes will be given by the honourable minister.
   f) notice: The exam will be held on 2 5 June.

7. For requests and invitations
   Examples: a) I have been requested to the party. b) You are requested to serve the food for the guests.
8. To give warning, suggestion, order and advice
   Example: Students without school-dress are not allowed in the school premises.
9. For habitual action
   Example: Vegetables are grown much in Bangladesh.
10. To avoid responsibility by people or organizations
    Example: The report was lost by somebody.
    All workers are encouraged to work overtime.
    Customers are advised to leave all their belongings here.

B. Look at the picture and fill in the gaps in the following sentences in passive form with the given verbs in the bracket.

a. The walls are not ______ (paint).
b. A table is _____ in the middle (place).
C. The chairs ______ properly (arrange).
d. A lampshade _____ from the roof (hang).
e. A large refrigerator _____ with the wall (attach).

C. Make the following sentences active:

1. The room is being painted.
2. Fruit juice will be served at the party.
3. I have been warned by my dad.
4. This shirt must not be ironed.
5. This poem was written by Nazrul.
6. This song has been sung by Lata.
7. Who were you given my phone number by?
8. Was my book seen by anybody?
9. She was being laughed at.
10. The exam will be passed by Rimi.

D. Choose the right option:

1. The gallery was _______ in 1953.
   a) suggested
   b) told
   c) built
   d) permitted

2. The company was _____ in 1980.
   a) increased
   b) founded
   c) left
   d) written

3. I was ______ to make a presentation at the Conference.
   a) suggested
   b) increased
   c) permitted
   d) invited

4. The job was _____ to Jhumpa but she turned it down.
   a) offered
   b) permitted
   c) left
   d) written

5. I was _____ that I wouldn't need to bring my own slide projector.
   a) told
   b) increased
   c) permitted
   d) written